Business concepts 2 Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Business concepts 2 - Coursework Example The first role is the provision of technological supervision in the corporation, which does not only entail the supervision of the other IT specialists but also the information systems and the communications networks. The CIO also oversees the development and execution of an excellent customer service platform relative to the organization’s practices. He/she also liaises with management teams and organizational leaders on any IT-related alterations, advances or probable approaches to enhance communication. Additionally, still under communication, the CIO maintains the corporate network infrastructure for utter connectivity and remote access. Other roles of the CIO entail participation in vendor contract negotiations, assessing and anticipating technology projects, and establishing and directing strategic and tactical objectives, initiatives and practices in the IT department. Finally, the top-level management also requires the CIO to flourish in the identification of user need s and resolution of problems. The core roles of the Information Department, relative to the name, entail dealing with most, if not all, of the organization’s information. The first significant role entails planning, where members in the department work with the Chief Information Officer in developing an IT approach supporting the corporate culture and objectives (Linton, 2015). The planning role of the department helps in building a resilient advantage over the rest of the competitors, which they achieve through customization of software and computer systems significant in meeting needs of other organization’s departments. Networking is also among the roles of the department as it is the backbone of efficient communication and collaboration between departments. The IT departments operations mostly relate to the organization networks and ways of making it more efficient. As modules of the network system, the IT department, through the different teams, engages in

Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 14

Ethics - Essay Example Similarly theory of circular logic postulates that the conclusion is almost identical to its hypothesis. A. Psychological egoism explains that the determining motive of every voluntary action is a desire for ones own welfare. The fallacy exists in this theory because this theory believes that others conceal their motive just for gaining self benefit which is not at all true in several contexts. Another fallacy lies in hasty generalization. For example, several people conduct their duty when their self-interest lies elsewhere and help someone in need without thinking of self-gain. Some people will follow religious precepts without personal benefit. Some people will even act against their self-interest so that they can follow their conscience. They do whats right even though they wont personally benefit. The concept of ethical egoism being consistent and complete are strong points. This holds good in several contexts. Universal ethical egoism, individual ethical egoism, and rule based ethical egoism can be considered as strong versions as they explain the logical basis for personal actions. Weak version of ethical egoism: However the concept of ethical egoism  is incomplete in several contexts which is its weak point. In those occasions ethical egoism is  mistaken in truth or inconsistent or incomplete. Ethical egoism is contradictory because it evaluates the same act as both right and wrong i.e. the concept is mistaken in truth; it is inconsistent. Ethical egoism is defined as an inherent desire to perform altruistic acts where as psychological egoism is defined as an inherent selfishness of all acts. Ethical egoism differs from psychological egoism mostly on account of the various ways of viewing altruism (EN 1 and EN 2). Ethical egoism prioritizes on what ought to be, rather than what is where as psychological egoism gives more importance to â€Å"what is†. Several theories of motivation were postulated and they

Media Interpretation on Health Promotion Research

Media Interpretation on Health Promotion Research Dwayne Potenteau A Critique of Marilynn Marchione (February 12, 2014) The Associated Press. Study ties weather to stroke rates: risk may rise with high humidity, cold, temperature swings Summary The purpose of the new article was to report on findings from a study claiming that extreme variances in seasonal weather patterns correlate to higher stroke rates. The focus on the information presented was from a study done by Judith H Lichtman and others at the Yale school of Public Health in New Haven Connecticut. In the article, the journalist Marilynn Marchione from the Associated Press, reports that through data analysis of two national databases the researchers, using a non experimental design, have found correlation between large changes in daily temperature and the risk of suffering a stroke. Elements that Influence Believability The article effectively states the main objective of the article stating the correlation between extreme variances in weather, humidity, and risk of a stroke. The next sentence incorporates data from the research to reinforce the article’s main claim stating â€Å"As it got warmer, risk fell – 3 percent for every 5 degrees, the study found†(Marchione, 2014, p.1). To further the credibility of the article, the author names and quotes Judy Lichtman, who is one of the study’s lead researchers. Marchione also adds numerous quotes throughout her article. By quoting the responses of physicians, Maricione does not infer, but relays the opinions of medical professional. Another factor that adds to the plausibility is what physiologically happens to the body during extreme warm and cold variances. The author incorporates explanations from different physicians on the effect weather has on the body. She adds the comments from several physicians, such as Dr Larry Gold stein who was part of the study, along with other physicians not associated with the research. Having multiple viewpoints from medical personnel who explain causation of stroke due to weather conditions strengthens her article and gives the reader further confidence in what she is saying. In addition to the explanations are some specific limitations of the study. Marchione notes limitations such as the omission participants due to a stroke caused by bleeding or aneurysm, and threshold values for temperatures.(Marchione, 2014, p.1). In commenting on the key omissions of the study, Marchione helps define the relationships of the study to the participants. Limitations in Generalizability and Hypothesis Loiselle, Profetto-McGrath, Polit, and Beck(2011, p.37) define generalizability as â€Å"the criterion used in a quantitative study to assess the extent to which study findings can be applied to other groups and settings†. The author’s first line in the article emphasizes a generality that is not found in any of the research findings. â€Å"There may be a link between weather and the risk of suffering a stroke, say researchers who analyzed climate trends and hospital records on millions of Americans† (Marchione, 2014, p.1). The opening sentence is an example of what philosophers define as a hasty generalization. The lack of relevant and specific information has the author rushing to a conclusion prior to obtaining and evaluating all the gathered data (Weber, Brizee, 2013). Contrary to the title, the objective of the research was to determine if there was an association between temperature, and Ischemic stroke hospitalization rates and in hospital mortality in a r epresentative sample. In addition, the hypothesis of the study was not clearly stated in the article. Loiselle defines the hypothesis as the predicted answer to expectations about relationships between study variables (Loiselle et al, p. 46). Coughlan, Cronin, and Ryan furthers the idea by stating that objectives, questions, and any hypothesis should be clearly stated in order to connect the purpose and any processes (Coughlan, Cronin, Ryan, 2007, p.660). By incorporating the hypothesis into the article, the author would have informed readers of what the researches methods were and help understand the results of their study. Limitations in Sample Size and Sample Plan Loiselle defines sample as a subset of the population under study (Loiselle et al, p. 47). The sample size is not mentioned in the article. Instead of millions, the sample size used was 157 130(Marchione, 2014, p.1). While a larger sample size better represents a target population, the misrepresentation of the sample size may give the reader a false account of the participants in the study. In addition to giving a false sample size, the article also does not mention that models were adjusted to match patient demographics. Age, sex, and race, along with seasonal changes, and comorbidity conditions were modified to fit with the target population. As a reader, the omission on selective criteria for the study participants can create uncertainty in understanding what population is susceptible. Another factor that was omitted from the article were specifics of the sampling plans. Loiselle defines sample plans as the specifics on how the sample will be selected and how many participants there will be† (Loiselle et all, p. 47). Nowhere in the article is there information that defines the mean average age of the target population mentioned was selected. In fact, the mean age was 71.6 years, and the article alludes to no age specific target. By omitting variables key to the research, the author inadvertently may lead to assumptions made by the reader on the age of population. Additional information was missing on how the sample plan specifically selected participants. The author claims that the research obtained from a national database, is the most detailed research on the issue but does not elaborate on any specifics. The researchers qualitative data was extracted from Nationwide Inpatient Sample database with a stratified sample of 20% . The article also provides no me ntion of data and the relationship to the results in the article. The researcher’s primary outcome was for discharged patients with ischemic stroke (ICN-9-CM 433, 434, 436), and death during the index hospitalization(Lichtman Wang, Leifheit-Limson Goldstein, p. 1). This missing information can misplace the context of the stud for the reader. Limitations in Validity/Reliability Loiselle defines validity as the ability to accurately assess the observations, and reliability refers to the ability to measure with different participants with consistency (Loiselle et all, p. 34). While information on the number of stroke patients, and quotes from the accredited individuals does add some credibility, the author fails to add any data on how or what processes were used. There is no mention of the desired outcome which was to determine if there were associations between temperature and ischemic stroke hospitalization rates and in hospital mortality within a U.S. population (Lichtman et al, p. 1). In addition, the reliability of data collection and was missing from the article. The information was collected from cohort and data sources (Litchman, et al, p. 1). The author provides only 2 sentences of statistical data to inform the reader. The lack of primary information which is favored over secondary or anecdotal data was another missing factor. Secondary data may lead to opinion, and have less credibility. While most information was presented in an interview type process, the overall empirical meaningful data was omitted. Limitations in Non Experimental Study Loiselle defines non experimental study as the way which researchers collect data without making changes or introducing treatments†(Loiselle et al, p. 44). Loiselle further contends that experimental studies are explicitly designed to test causal relationships (Loiselle et al, p. 44). The author did not mention the non experimental approach used by Judith Lichtman and her colleagues. Cohort studies were implemented using a retrospective study to select a specific population. Stamler and Yu confirm this by stating that cohort studies look at individual histories of people with a specific disease to identify commonalities and differences (Stamler Yu, p.150). The study is retrospective because the data was collected between 2010 – 2011. Stamler and Yu state that â€Å"These studies focus on individual s exposed to a particular health problem or potential stressor over time†(Stamler, Yu, 2012, p.150). While the article does comment on the data set extracted from 2010 to 2011, the author omitted the reasons for choosing the test population and did not add any clarity or expansion of the operational definitions. In omitting the basic defining characteristics of the quantitative study, the author did not inform the reader on give insight into the causal relationships between stroke, and varying climate. Since the Most of the information given in the article comes in the form of quotes from researchers. In the article, the author claims that â€Å"It is the largest and most detailed research on this issue†, but does not list the specifics of the target population(Marchione, p.1). The author over generalized the study, when in fact a specific population and target group had been selected. She is quoted as saying â€Å"The new study looked at stroke hospitalization, not just deaths, in a wider population using a federal database†(Marchione, 2014, p.1). The results in fact could not be generalized outside of the 157 130 patients that were age 71.6 or older, half being women, and 66.6% were of Caucasian ethnicity. Freiberger confirms the need for accuracy by stating that clarity not only on how the research was conducted, but who and how participants involved in the study must be present(Freiberger, p.1). Defining characteristics were also omitted in the article. Common cha racteristics of the test population included hypertension, diabetes, prior stroke, and cardiovascular disease. This lack of information in the article lends itself to reduced representativeness of the population and may lead a reader to not know the actual studied population. Discussion/Conclusion While the article does add information, the information presented, does not provide enough detailed elements of the study to clearly identify objectives, and any predictive hypothesis. First of all the objectives and hypothesis are never accurately stated in the article. Secondly the author does not include detailed sample plans or specify the correct sample size. Third, the validity and reliability specifics on where and how the data was obtained. Finally the author failed to expand on the non experimental study specifics. If these elements had been address to any breadth or depth within the article, the audience would have been better informed. General Public Paragraph Overall the study failed to give an accurate description of what the study’s research was trying to achieve. The author has over generalized to the point where most of the information in the article can be taken out of context. The amount of people in the study, the age group of people in the study, the ways in which the study was performed, and along with the overall results were omitted from the article. Therefore the reader is left up to their own phenomenology to decipher and interpret what the author was trying to get across. A person reading this article may be lead to conclusions that variances in temperature may lead an average person to develop a stroke. This type of incorrect representation of the study can be misleading as the author does not give false information but omits so much that errors in interpretation are inevitable. References Coughlan, M, Cronin, P, Ryan, F.(2007). Step-by-step guide to critiquing research. Part 1: quantitative research. British Journal of Nursing 16(11):658-663 Devane, D, Begley, C, Clarke, M. (2004). How many do I need? Basic principles of sample size estimation. Journal of Advanced Nursing 47(3), 297 – 302 Freiberger, M. (2010). Medical research plagued by bad reporting. .Plus magazine, Retrieved from http://plus.maths.org/content/os/latestnews/jan-apr10/reporting/index Litchman, J, Wang, Y, Leifheit-Limson, E, Goldstein, L. (2014). Association of average temperature and dew point with stroke hospitalization and mortality. Manuscript submitted for publication. Loiselle, C, Profetto-McGrath, J, Polit, D, Beck, C.(2011) Canadian essentials of nursing research (3rd Canadian ed.).Philadelphia,PA:Lippincott,Williams Wilkins. Marchione, M. (2014, February 12). Study ties weather to stroke rates; risk may rise with high humidity, cold, temperature swings. The associated press, Retrieved from http://ca.news.yahoo.com/study-ties-weather-stroke-rates-risk-may-rise-155625598.html Stamler, L, Yu, L. (2012). Community health nursing; A canadian perspective (3rd ed). Toronto. On: Pearson Weber, R. Brizee, A. (2013).Logical fallacies. The Owl at Purdue University. Retrieved from https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/659/03/

African-Americans and Mark Twain’s Huckleberry Finn Essay -- Adventure

African-Americans and Mark Twain’s Huckleberry Finn    In the century since the publication of Mark Twain’s Huckleberry Finn, it has remained one of the most talked about books in American literature. This distinction seems to be due primarily to the fact that, while the book has always been popular among Americans, Americans, of all types, continue to find different ways to be offended by it. It has been described as everything from anti-southern to anti-black, and has been called everything from a piece of trash to a national treasure. Perhaps no other American book could claim such an abundance of conflicting interpretations. This essay will seek to explore and explain the history of one of the major controversies surrounding the book, and the importance that that history may have had for modern readings of the novel. Two Different Novels to Two Different Groups of Americans    As long as Huck Finn has existed, African-Americans have had a unique perspective on the novel. This project will argue that this unique perspective has its roots in the early interpretation of the novel by African-Americans, and that this perspective deserves recognition for finding deeper meaning in Huck Finn, long before it was accepted to do so. To begin, it is important to first distinguish between white interpretation of the novel and black interpretation of it. Although Huckleberry Finn was published long after the Civil War, racial prejudice and injustice still remained in all aspects of American life. As a result, African-Americans were largely excluded from American literary institutions like universities and publishing companies. Popular newspapers, magazines, and books were, for the mos... ...ymond W. Smock, eds., The Booker T. Washington Papers. Vol. 10: 1909-1911. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1981. p349-50. San Francisco Daily Examiner [unsigned] 1885: March 9. Smith, David Lionel. â€Å"Black Critics and Mark Twain.† The Cambridge Companion to Mark Twain. Forrest G. Robinson, ed. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1995. p119-20. Notes: [i] One of the newspaper accounts of this scandal can be found in The Critical Response to Mark Twain’s Huckleberry Finn. ed. Laurie Champion (New York, Greenwood Press: 1991) 10-12. [ii] A similarly detailed account of the banning can also be found at http://etext.virginia.edu/railton/huckfinn/hfconcrd.html [iii] A database of the early illustrations of the character Jim, as well as the other characters of the book, is available at http://etext.virginia.edu/railton/huckfinn/jminpix.html    African-Americans and Mark Twain’s Huckleberry Finn Essay -- Adventure African-Americans and Mark Twain’s Huckleberry Finn    In the century since the publication of Mark Twain’s Huckleberry Finn, it has remained one of the most talked about books in American literature. This distinction seems to be due primarily to the fact that, while the book has always been popular among Americans, Americans, of all types, continue to find different ways to be offended by it. It has been described as everything from anti-southern to anti-black, and has been called everything from a piece of trash to a national treasure. Perhaps no other American book could claim such an abundance of conflicting interpretations. This essay will seek to explore and explain the history of one of the major controversies surrounding the book, and the importance that that history may have had for modern readings of the novel. Two Different Novels to Two Different Groups of Americans    As long as Huck Finn has existed, African-Americans have had a unique perspective on the novel. This project will argue that this unique perspective has its roots in the early interpretation of the novel by African-Americans, and that this perspective deserves recognition for finding deeper meaning in Huck Finn, long before it was accepted to do so. To begin, it is important to first distinguish between white interpretation of the novel and black interpretation of it. Although Huckleberry Finn was published long after the Civil War, racial prejudice and injustice still remained in all aspects of American life. As a result, African-Americans were largely excluded from American literary institutions like universities and publishing companies. Popular newspapers, magazines, and books were, for the mos... ...ymond W. Smock, eds., The Booker T. Washington Papers. Vol. 10: 1909-1911. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1981. p349-50. San Francisco Daily Examiner [unsigned] 1885: March 9. Smith, David Lionel. â€Å"Black Critics and Mark Twain.† The Cambridge Companion to Mark Twain. Forrest G. Robinson, ed. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1995. p119-20. Notes: [i] One of the newspaper accounts of this scandal can be found in The Critical Response to Mark Twain’s Huckleberry Finn. ed. Laurie Champion (New York, Greenwood Press: 1991) 10-12. [ii] A similarly detailed account of the banning can also be found at http://etext.virginia.edu/railton/huckfinn/hfconcrd.html [iii] A database of the early illustrations of the character Jim, as well as the other characters of the book, is available at http://etext.virginia.edu/railton/huckfinn/jminpix.html   

Care for our environment

Care for our environment Albert Einstein once said â€Å"Look deep into the nature and you will understand everything better. † Save your environment because it is a place where you live and do whatever you want to. I get a lot of questions these days about going green. The most common of those questions is â€Å"Why should I Care for the environment? † The problem is this hasn't been raised by people who love recycling an organic food but from people who think recycling and buying organic food is Just futile and an utter waste of time. Let me explain some simple reasons to save our environment. Firstly†¦ ow the world your good side. The impact we have on the environment today will make a big difference on the future generation. Your attitude towards the environment shows your personality. I f you are a person who doesn't care for the environment, it shows that you are an irresponsible person. Secondly nobody likes to live in an atmosphere filled with smog. It beco mes hard to breathe and it causes a number of health problems which ultimately leads to death. Thirdly beautiful parks and beaches are scintillating to the mind and body. Unfortunately these have been destroyed by the mankind itself.As a result these gifts of nature are becoming more of a past memory and less of a reality. Last but not the least, human race isn't going to die out anytime soon. But we are using up our resources faster than we can replenish them. If we continue at the same place, we are eventually going to run out of fossil fuels, trees, drinking water etc. So remember, a green world is a better world. So let us Join hands and strive towards building a greener and better place to live in and let's make the future generation proud of what we did for them.

Deception Point Page 84

â€Å"Jesus,† the pilot said. â€Å"Eighteen-knot current? Don't fall overboard!† He laughed. Rachel did not laugh. â€Å"Mike, you didn't mention this megaplume, magma dome, hot-current situation.† He put a reassuring hand on her knee. â€Å"It's perfectly safe, trust me.† Rachel frowned. â€Å"So this documentary you were making out here was about this magma dome phenomenon?† â€Å"Megaplumes and Sphyrna mokarran.† â€Å"That's right. You mentioned that earlier.† Tolland gave a coy smile. â€Å"Sphyrna mokarran love warm water, and right now, every last one for a hundred miles is congregating in this mile-wide circle of heated ocean.† â€Å"Neat.† Rachel gave an uneasy nod. â€Å"And what, pray tell, are Sphyrna mokarran?† â€Å"Ugliest fish in the sea.† â€Å"Flounder?† Tolland laughed. â€Å"Great hammerhead shark.† Rachel stiffened beside him. â€Å"You've got hammerhead sharks around your boat?† Tolland winked. â€Å"Relax, they're not dangerous.† â€Å"You wouldn't say that unless they were dangerous.† Tolland chuckled. â€Å"I guess you're right.† He called playfully up to the pilot. â€Å"Hey, how long has it been since you guys saved anyone from an attack by a hammerhead?† The pilot shrugged. â€Å"Gosh. We haven't saved anyone from a hammerhead in decades.† Tolland turned to Rachel. â€Å"See. Decades. No worries.† â€Å"Just last month,† the pilot added, â€Å"we had an attack where some idiot skin diver was chumming-â€Å" â€Å"Hold on!† Rachel said. â€Å"You said you hadn't saved anyone in decades!† â€Å"Yeah,† the pilot replied. â€Å"Saved anyone. Usually, we're too late. Those bastards kill in a hurry.† 101 From the air, the flickering outline of the Goya loomed on the horizon. At half a mile, Tolland could make out the brilliant deck lights that his crewmember Xavia had wisely left glowing. When he saw the lights, he felt like a weary traveler pulling into his driveway. â€Å"I thought you said only one person was onboard,† Rachel said, looking surprised to see all the lights. â€Å"Don't you leave a light on when you're home alone?† â€Å"One light. Not the entire house.† Tolland smiled. Despite Rachel's attempts to be lighthearted, he could tell she was extremely apprehensive about being out here. He wanted to put an arm around her and reassure her, but he knew there was nothing he could say. â€Å"The lights are on for security. Makes the ship look active.† Corky chuckled. â€Å"Afraid of pirates, Mike?† â€Å"Nope. Biggest danger out here is the idiots who don't know how to read radar. Best defense against getting rammed is to make sure everyone can see you.† Corky squinted down at the glowing vessel. â€Å"See you? It looks like a Carnival Cruise line on New Year's Eve. Obviously, NBC pays your electric.† The Coast Guard chopper slowed and banked around the huge illuminated ship, and the pilot began maneuvering toward the helipad on the stern deck. Even from the air, Tolland could make out the raging current pulling at the ship's hull struts. Anchored from its bow, the Goya was aimed into the current, straining at its massive anchor line like a chained beast. â€Å"She really is a beauty,† the pilot said, laughing. Tolland knew the comment was sarcastic. The Goya was ugly. â€Å"Butt-ugly† according to one television reviewer. One of only seventeen SWATH ships ever built, the Goya's Small-Waterplane-Area Twin-Hull was anything but attractive. The vessel was essentially a massive horizontal platform floating thirty feet above the ocean on four huge struts affixed to pontoons. From a distance, the ship looked like a low-slung drilling platform. Up close, it resembled a deck barge on stilts. The crew quarters, research labs, and navigation bridge were housed in a series of tiered structures on top, giving one the rough impression of a giant floating coffee table supporting a hodgepodge of multistaged buildings. Despite its less than streamlined appearance, the Goya's design enjoyed significantly less water-plane area, resulting in increased stability. The suspended platform enabled better filming, easier lab work, and fewer seasick scientists. Although NBC was pressuring Tolland to let them buy him something newer, Tolland had refused. Granted, there were better ships out there now, even more stable ones, but the Goya had been his home for almost a decade now-the ship on which he had fought his way back after Celia's death. Some nights he still heard her voice in the wind out on deck. If and when the ghosts ever disappeared, Tolland would consider another ship. Not yet. When the chopper finally set down on the Goya's stern deck, Rachel Sexton felt only half-relieved. The good news was that she was no longer flying over the ocean. The bad news was that she was now standing on it. She fought off the shaky sensation in her legs as she climbed onto the deck and looked around. The deck was surprisingly cramped, particularly with the helicopter on its pad. Moving her eyes toward the bow, Rachel gazed at the ungainly, stacked edifice that made up the bulk of the ship. Tolland stood close beside her. â€Å"I know,† he said, talking loudly over the sound of the raging current. â€Å"It looks bigger on television.† Rachel nodded. â€Å"And more stable.† â€Å"This is one of the safest ships on the sea. I promise.† Tolland put a hand on her shoulder and guided her across the deck. The warmth of his hand did more to calm Rachel's nerves than anything he could have said. Nonetheless, as she looked toward the rear of the ship, she saw the roiling current streaming out behind them as though the ship was at full throttle. We're sitting on a megaplume, she thought. Centered on the foremost section of rear deck, Rachel spied a familiar, one-man Triton submersible hanging on a giant winch. The Triton-named for the Greek god of the sea-looked nothing like its predecessor, the steel-encased Alvin. The Triton had a hemispherical acrylic dome in front, making it look more like a giant fishbowl than a sub. Rachel could think of few things more terrifying than submerging hundreds of feet into the ocean with nothing between her face and the ocean but a sheet of clear acrylic. Of course, according to Tolland, the only unpleasant part of riding in the Triton was the initial deployment-being slowly winched down through the trap door in the Goya's deck, hanging like a pendulum thirty feet above the sea. â€Å"Xavia is probably in the hydrolab,† Tolland said, moving across the deck. â€Å"This way.† Rachel and Corky followed Tolland across the stern deck. The Coast Guard pilot remained in his chopper with strict instructions not to use the radio. â€Å"Have a look at this,† Tolland said, pausing at the stern railing of the ship. Hesitantly, Rachel neared the railing. They were very high up. The water was a good thirty feet below them, and yet Rachel could still feel the heat rising off the water. â€Å"It's about the temperature of a warm bath,† Tolland said over the sound of the current. He reached toward a switch-box on the railing. â€Å"Watch this.† He flipped a switch. A wide arc of light spread through the water behind the ship, illuminating it from within like a lit swimming pool. Rachel and Corky gasped in unison. The water around the ship was filled with dozens of ghostly shadows. Hovering only feet below the illuminated surface, armies of sleek, dark forms swam in parallel against the current, their unmistakable hammer-shaped skulls wagging back and forth as if to the beat of some prehistoric rhythm. â€Å"Christ, Mike,† Corky stammered. â€Å"So glad you shared this with us.†